How to Calculate Gratuity in Pakistan — Formula + Examples
Gratuity is one of the most common settlement components Pakistani SMBs miscalculate. The formula seems simple but the qualifying conditions, the base salary definition, and the proration rules trip up many companies. Here is the clean version with worked examples.
The standard formula
The typical gratuity formula used in Pakistan is:
Gratuity = (Last drawn basic salary / 26 or 30) × 30 × number of completed years of service
Or expressed differently: one month's basic salary per completed year of service. Different companies use 26 days (working-days-only basis) or 30 days (calendar-month basis); 30 is more common for gratuity calculations.
Qualifying conditions (typical)
- Minimum service period (often 1 year, sometimes 5 — check your contract / scheme)
- Eligible for resignation, termination (non-misconduct), or retirement
- Misconduct termination may forfeit gratuity per scheme rules
- Calculation base is usually basic salary only (not gross including allowances) — but specific schemes may include certain allowances
Worked Example 1 — Clean 5-year tenure
Employee: Software engineer in Lahore
Basic salary at exit: PKR 100,000/month
Service: 5 complete years
Gratuity = (100,000 / 30) × 30 × 5 = 100,000 × 5 = PKR 500,000
Worked Example 2 — 7 years 6 months
Employee: Senior accountant in Karachi
Basic salary at exit: PKR 150,000/month
Service: 7 years 6 months
For partial years, two approaches are common:
- Rounded down — 7 completed years only: 150,000 × 7 = PKR 1,050,000
- Prorated — 7.5 years: 150,000 × 7.5 = PKR 1,125,000
The applicable approach depends on your scheme rules. Document it clearly in the policy.
Worked Example 3 — Mid-year exit at 3.25 years
Employee: Marketing executive in Islamabad
Basic salary at exit: PKR 80,000/month
Service: 3 years 3 months (rounded down to 3)
Gratuity = 80,000 × 3 = PKR 240,000
Where gratuity gets miscalculated
Calculating on gross salary instead of basic
Gratuity base is typically basic salary only, not gross including allowances (HRA, conveyance, medical, etc.). Calculating on gross over-pays significantly.
Misunderstanding partial year handling
Different companies use different rules — round down, round up, or prorate. The policy must specify which.
Using last 3 months average instead of last drawn
Some schemes use the last 3-12 months' average basic to prevent gaming via last-minute promotion. Check your scheme.
Not factoring in mid-year revisions
If the employee got a salary revision in the last few months, the higher basic generally applies — unless the scheme has averaging rules.
Ignoring forfeiture conditions
Misconduct termination may forfeit gratuity. Resignation during notice without serving may have a different rule.
Gratuity vs Provident Fund — the distinction
- Gratuity — paid by employer on exit, based on years of service, not contribution-based
- Provident Fund (PF) — joint contribution scheme during employment, withdrawable on exit per vesting rules
An employee may be entitled to both, depending on the company's schemes.
Tax on gratuity
Gratuity received from an approved gratuity fund or scheme has tax-exemption rules under the Income Tax Ordinance up to specified limits. Gratuity from an unapproved arrangement may be fully taxable. The exact treatment depends on the scheme structure. Cross-check with your tax practitioner.
How payroll / HR software should handle gratuity
- Per-employee service-period auto-tracked from joining date
- Configurable formula (basic salary basis, partial-year rule)
- Auto-trigger in final settlement workflow
- Tax treatment configurable per scheme
- Audit trail of the calculation
The Zaffre HRM gratuity fit
Zaffre HRM's final settlement module auto-calculates gratuity from the joining date and configured formula, with tax treatment per scheme. See: final settlement playbook.
Book a demo for the final settlement walkthrough.
Caveat
Gratuity entitlement and calculation depend on your company's specific scheme, contract, and applicable labour law. This article is a general guide; consult your HR / labour-law advisor for specific cases.